Título:	Efficacy of cognitive training on executive functions in healthy older adults : a systematic review with meta analysis of randomized controlled tria
Autor(es):	Olegário, Raphael Lopes Fernandes, Sarah Ribeiro Moraes Júnior, Rui de
Afiliação do autor:	University of Brasília, Institute of Psychology University of Brasília, Postgraduate Program in Behavioural Sciences University of Brasília, Institute of Psychology University of Brasília, Institute of Psychology University of Brasília, Postgraduate Program in Behavioural Sciences
Assunto:	Idosos Meta-análise Envelhecimento
Data de publicação:	12-Out-2023
Editora:	Taylor & Francis
Referência:	OLEGÁRIO, Raphael Lopes; FERNANDES, Sarah Ribeiro; MORAES JR, Rui de. Efficacy of cognitive training on executive functions in healthy older adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychology & Health, [S. l.], 1–28, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2023.2267610. Disponível em: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08870446.2023.2267610. Acesso em: 23 maio 2024.
Abstract:	Objective: Systematically review randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of cognitive training on executive functions in healthy older people. Measures: The outcome measures were related to inhibitory con trol, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Results: Thirty-one trials were included in the systematic review and thirteen trials in the meta-analysis. In the overall analysis, the cognitive training enhanced inhibitory control when measured by the Stroop task (p < .001, d=1.64) and working memory when measured by the Corsi Block task (p=.002, d = .16). A marginal significance was found for working memory in the Digit Span task – Forward (p= .06, d = .92). However, cognitive training did not enhance inhibitory control when measured by the Go/No-Go task (p=.76, d = .59), working memory when measured by the Digit Span – Backward (p= .72, d = .95) and N-Back (p=.10, d = .26) tasks, and cognitive flexibility when measured by Trail Making – Part B (p= .08, d = .27) and Semantic Fluency (p = .49, d = .06) tasks. Conclusion: Mixed evidence was found for inhibitory control and working memory; cognitive flexibility showed no evidence of improvement.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Instituto de Psicologia (IP) Departamento de Processos Psicológicos Básicos (IP PPB)
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Comportamento
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2023.2267610
Versão da editora:	https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08870446.2023.2267610
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