Título:	Phylogenetic analysis reveals a high prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in feline sporotrichosis outbreaks
Autor(es):	Rodrigues, Anderson Messias Teixeira, Marcus de Melo Hoog, G. Sybren de Schubach, Tânia Maria Pacheco Pereira, Sandro Antonio Fernandes, Geisa Ferreira Bezerra, Leila Maria Lopes Felipe, Maria Sueli Soares Camargo, Zoilo Pires de
Assunto:	Fungos - doenças Gato Diversidade genética Epidemias
Data de publicação:	20-Jun-2013
Editora:	Plos One
Referência:	RODRIGUES, Anderson Messias et al. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a high prevalence of Sporothrix brasiliensis in feline sporotrichosis outbreaks. Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases, v. 7, n. 6, Article e2281, 20 jun. 2013. Disponível em: <http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0002281>. Acesso em: 12 jun. 2017. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002281.
Abstract:	Sporothrix schenckii, previously assumed to be the sole agent of human and animal sporotrichosis, is in fact a species complex. Recently recognized taxa include S. brasiliensis, S. globosa, S. mexicana, and S. luriei, in addition to S. schenckii sensu stricto. Over the last decades, large epidemics of sporotrichosis occurred in Brazil due to zoonotic transmission, and cats were pointed out as key susceptible hosts. In order to understand the eco-epidemiology of feline sporotrichosis and its role in human sporotrichosis a survey was conducted among symptomatic cats. Prevalence and phylogenetic relationships among feline Sporothrix species were investigated by reconstructing their phylogenetic origin using the calmodulin (CAL) and the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF1a) loci in strains originated from Rio de Janeiro (RJ, n = 15), Rio Grande do Sul (RS, n = 10), Parana´ (PR, n = 4), Sa˜o Paulo (SP, n = 3) and Minas Gerais (MG, n = 1). Our results showed that S. brasiliensis is highly prevalent among cats (96.9%) with sporotrichosis, while S. schenckii was identified only once. The genotype of Sporothrix from cats was found identical to S. brasiliensis from human sources confirming that the disease is transmitted by cats. Sporothrix brasiliensis presented low genetic diversity compared to its sister taxon S. schenckii. No evidence of recombination in S. brasiliensis was found by split decomposition or PHI-test analysis, suggesting that S. brasiliensis is a clonal species. Strains recovered in states SP, MG and PR share the genotype of the RJ outbreak, different from the RS clone. The occurrence of separate genotypes among strains indicated that the Brazilian S. brasiliensis epidemic has at least two distinct sources. We suggest that cats represent a major host and the main source of cat and human S. brasiliensis infections in Brazil.
Licença:	Copyright: 2013 Rodrigues et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
DOI:	https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002281
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