Título:	Natural habitat connectivity and organic management modulate pest dispersal, gene flow, and natural enemy communities
Autor(es):	Novaes, Danyelle Rocha Sujii, Patricia S. Rodrigues, Camila A. Silva, Karem M. N. B. Machado, Amanda F. P. Nagata, Alice Kazuko Inoue Nakasu, Erich Yukio Tempel Togni, Pedro Henrique Brum
ORCID:	https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3488-0694
Afiliação do autor:	Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Centro de Ensino Unificado do Distrito Federal Instituto Federal Goiano Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Hortaliças, Brasília Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Ecologia
Assunto:	Agroecologia Biodiversidade Cerrados Controle biológico - pragas e insetos Serviços ecossistêmicos Interações tritróficas
Data de publicação:	10-Dez-2023
Editora:	Wiley
Referência:	NOVAES, Danyelle R. et al. Natural habitat connectivity and organic management modulate pest dispersal, gene flow, and natural enemy communities. Ecological Applications, [S. l.], e2938, 10dez. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2938.
Abstract:	The simplification and fragmentation of agricultural landscapes generate effects on insects at multiple spatial scales. As each functional group perceives and uses the habitat differently, the response of pest insects and their associ ated natural enemies to environmental changes varies. Therefore, landscape structure may have consequences on gene flow among pest populations in space. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of local and landscape factors, at multiple scales, on the local infestation, gene flow and broad dispersion dynamics of the pest insect Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM-1, former biotype B) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and its associated natural enemies in a tropical agroecosystem. We evaluated the abundance of B. tabaci populations and their natural enemy community in 20 tomato farms in Brazil and the gene flow between farms from 2019 to 2021. Landscapes dominated by agriculture resulted in larger B. tabaci populations and higher gene flow, especially in conventional farms. A higher density of native vegeta tion patches disfavored pest populations, regardless of the management sys tem. The results revealed that whitefly responds to intermediate spatial scales and that landscape factors interact with management systems to modulate whitefly populations on focal farms. Conversely, whitefly natural enemies benefited from higher amounts of natural vegetation at small spatial scales, while the connectivity between natural habitat patches was beneficial for natu ral enemies regardless of the distance from the focal farm. The resulting dis persion model predicts that the movement of whiteflies between farms increases as the amount of natural vegetation decreases. Our findings demon strate that landscape features, notably landscape configuration, can mediate infestation episodes, as they affect pest insects and natural enemies in opposite ways. We also showed that landscape features interact with farm traits, which highlights the need for management strategies at multiple spatial scales. In conclusion, we demonstrated the importance of the conservation of natural areas as a key strategy for area-wide ecological pest management and the relevance of organic farming to benefit natural enemy communities in tropical agroecosystems.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (IB) Departamento de Ecologia (IB ECL) Departamento de Zoologia (IB ZOO)
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2938
Versão da editora:	https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/eap.2938
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