Título:	Validation of the illustrated questionnaire on food consumption for Brazilian schoolchildren (QUACEB) for 6- to 10-year-old children
Autor(es):	Oliveira, Giovanna Angela Leonel Barrio, Daniela Oliveira Llorente Araújo, Giovanna Soutinho Saldanha, Marina Pimentel Schincaglia, Raquel Machado Gubert, Muriel Bauermann Bertolin, Maria Natacha Toral
Afiliação do autor:	University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT) University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT) University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT) University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT) University of Nevada, School of Public Health University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT) University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT) University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT), University of Brasilia, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition, Center for Epidemiological Studies in Health and Nutrition (NESNUT)
Assunto:	Estudos de validação Questionários Alimentos - consumo Crianças - nutrição
Data de publicação:	22-Set-2023
Editora:	Frontiers
Referência:	OLIVEIRA, Giovanna Angela Leonel et al. Validation of the illustrated questionnaire on food consumption for brazilian schoolchildren (QUACEB) for 6- to 10-year-old children. Frontiers in Public Health, [S.l.], v. 11, 22 set. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1051499. Disponível em: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1051499/full. Acesso em: 25 março 2024.
Abstract:	Introduction: Evaluating the food consumption of school-aged children is crucial to monitor their dietary habits, promote targeted interventions, and contribute public policies that aimed healthy eating. In this context, our objective was to develop and validate the Illustrated Questionnaire on Food Consumption for Brazilian Schoolchildren (QUACEB) of 6 to 10 years old, which is a self-reported illustrated recall. Methods: Validity was obtained in four stages as follows: selection of foods, validation of items, validation of illustrations, and pretest. Foods were selected by considering the data from the main surveys that have been conducted with the Brazilian population and schoolchildren in recent years, the degree of food processing, and the main foods from each of the country’s five macroregions. The content of the items was validated by comparing the children’s and their parent’s responses. For this, the questionnaire was published in an online format, and 6- to 10-year-old elementary schoolchildren were recruited using the snowball technique. The first part of the questionnaire was answered by the parent after the child’s lunch, and the second was completed by the child the following day. Thirty-two parent and child dyads participated. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC), and kappa (k) tests were performed. Results: Of the 30 foods presented on the questionnaire, 15 were reported as consumed. High sensitivity (mean of 88.5%), high specificity (average of 92.0%), substantial agreement (k = 0.78), low disagreement (6.2%), and AUC of 0.90 were found. The illustrations were validated in a focus group with fourth-grade children from a school chosen for convenience. The food illustrations were designed for children, who were asked to name the food. Eighteen children participated and verified that the images were representative of the foods. In the pretest, three schools were chosen for convenience that announced the link to the online questionnaire in WhatsApp groups of parents with students from first to fifth grade. Fifteen children answered the questionnaire and 86.7% (n = 13) judged it excellent or good. Conclusion: Thus, the food consumption questionnaire is valid for elementary schoolchildren of 6 to 10 years old and can be applied in research to assess the dietary patterns of children in Brazil.
Unidade Acadêmica:	Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (FS) Departamento de Nutrição (FS NUT)
Programa de pós-graduação:	Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição Humana
Licença:	© 2023 Oliveira, Barrio, Araújo, Saldanha, Schincaglia, Gubert and Toral. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1051499
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