Título:	New prospects in neutering male animals using magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia
Autor(es):	Jivago, José Luiz P. R. Brito, Juliana Lis Mendes Capistrano, Gustavo Araújo, Marcus Vinícius Verde, Ediron Lima Bakuzis, Andris Figueiroa Souza, Paulo E. N. Azevedo, Ricardo Bentes Lucci, Carolina Madeira
ORCID:	https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6326-9803 https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-2137-9588 https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-7763-0746
Assunto:	Castração Infertilidade Testículos Espermatogênese Hipertermia Nanopartículas magnéticas
Data de publicação:	14-Set-2021
Editora:	MDPI
Referência:	JIVAGO, José Luiz P. R. et al. New prospects in neutering male animals using magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia. Pharmaceutics, [S.l.], v. 13, n. 9, 1465, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091465. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/13/9/1465. Acesso em: 05 dez. 2021.
Abstract:	Controlling populations of free-roaming dogs and cats poses a huge challenge worldwide. Non-surgical neutering strategies for male animals have been long pursued, but the implementation of the procedures developed has remained limited to date. As submitting the testes to high temperatures impairs spermatogenesis, the present study investigated localized application of magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MNH) to the testicles as a potential non-surgical sterilization method for animals. An intratesticular injection of a magnetic fluid composed of manganese-ferrite nanoparticles functionalized with citrate was administered followed by testicle exposure to an alternate magnetic field to generate localized heat. Testicular MNH was highly effective, causing progressive seminiferous tubule degeneration followed by substitution of the parenchyma with stromal tissue and gonadal atrophy, suggesting an irreversible process with few side effects to general animal health.
Licença:	Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
DOI:	https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091465
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